Difference between revisions of "Resistors"

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Resistors are passive electronic components.  
 
Resistors are passive electronic components.  
[[Image:Resistors.jpg|thumb|Examples of resistors.]]
+
[[Image:DAQ1Resistors.jpg|thumb|Examples of 5% tolerance 1/4 W resistors. Note the "bumps."]]
 
== Identification ==
 
== Identification ==
Resistors' values are shown on the resistor in a  
+
Resistors' values are shown on the resistor, coded in a series of colored bands.
  
 +
The resistors in labs here in Pratt are almost all 5% resistors or 1% resistors. That is, their actual values are either are guaranteed to be within 5% or 1% of the nominal, or labeled value.
  
 +
The 5% resistors have three bands showing their value: two significant figures, and then the number of zeros.
 +
 +
The 1% resistors have four bands showing their value: three significant figures, and then the number of zeros.
 +
 +
For most of the resistors found around here, the last band will indicate the tolerance. For 5% resistors, the tolerance band will be the fourth band and will be the color gold. For 1% resistors the tolerance band will be the 5th band and will be brown.
 +
 +
In which order do you read the bands--left to right or right to left? Good question! You must use your intuition here. On 5% resistors, this is easy: the first significant figure will never be gold. If you read a 1% resistor and come up with an unlikely number, then you're probably reading it backward.  Also, the first band is closer to the edge than the last band; on resistors with bulges at the ends, the first band is the one on the bulge.
 +
 +
"three band" (usually 5%) resistor color code:
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
!Color!!1<sup>st</sup> band!!2<sup>nd</sup> band!!3<sup>rd</sup> band (multiplier)!!4<sup>th</sup> band (tolerance)
 +
|- style="background:black; color:white"
 +
| <font color=white>Black</font> ||0||0||&times;10<sup>0</sup>||
 +
|- style="background:#654321; color:white"
 +
|<font color=white>Brown</font>  ||1||1||&times;10<sup>1</sup> ||±1% (F) 
 +
|- style="background:#e02410; color:black"
 +
|<font color=black>Red</font>    ||2||2||&times;10<sup>2</sup> ||±2% (G) 
 +
|- bgcolor = "#FF7F00"
 +
|Orange                          ||3||3||&times;10<sup>3</sup> ||         
 +
|- bgcolor = "#FFFF00"
 +
|Yellow                          ||4||4||&times;10<sup>4</sup> ||       
 +
|- bgcolor = "#228b22"
 +
|Green                          ||5||5||&times;10<sup>5</sup> ||±0.5% (D)
 +
|- style="background:#0000CD; color:white"
 +
|Blue                            ||6||6||&times;10<sup>6</sup> ||±0.25% (C)
 +
|- style="background:#9400D3; color:white"
 +
|Violet                          ||7||7||&times;10<sup>7</sup> ||±0.1% (B)
 +
|- style="background:#808080; color:white"
 +
|Gray                            ||8||8||&times;10<sup>8</sup> ||±0.05% (A)
 +
|- bgcolor = "#FFFFFF"
 +
|White                          ||9||9||&times;10<sup>9</sup> ||         
 +
|- bgcolor = "#D4AF37"
 +
|Gold                            || || ||&times;10<sup>-1</sup>||±5% (J) 
 +
|- bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"
 +
|Silver                          || || ||&times;10<sup>-2</sup>||±10% (K) 
 +
|-
 +
|None                            || || ||                      ||±20% (M)
 +
|}
 +
 +
 +
"four band" (usually 1%) resistor color code:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
!Color!!1<sup>st</sup> band!!2<sup>nd</sup> band!!3<sup>rd</sup> band (multiplier)!!4<sup>th</sup> band (tolerance)!!Temp. Coefficient
+
!Color!!1<sup>st</sup> band!!2<sup>nd</sup> band!!3<sup>rd</sup> band!!4<sup>th</sup> band (multiplier)!!5<sup>th</sup> band (tolerance)
 
|- style="background:black; color:white"
 
|- style="background:black; color:white"
| <font color=white>Black</font> ||0||0||&times;10<sup>0</sup>|| ||
+
| <font color=white>Black</font> ||0||0||0||&times;10<sup>0</sup>||
 
|- style="background:#654321; color:white"
 
|- style="background:#654321; color:white"
|<font color=white>Brown</font>  ||1||1||&times;10<sup>1</sup> ||±1% (F)   ||100 ppm
+
|<font color=white>Brown</font>  ||1||1||1||&times;10<sup>1</sup> ||±1% (F)  
 
|- style="background:#e02410; color:black"  
 
|- style="background:#e02410; color:black"  
|<font color=black>Red</font>    ||2||2||&times;10<sup>2</sup> ||±2% (G)   ||50 ppm
+
|<font color=black>Red</font>    ||2||2||2||&times;10<sup>2</sup> ||±2% (G)  
 
|- bgcolor = "#FF7F00"  
 
|- bgcolor = "#FF7F00"  
|Orange                          ||3||3||&times;10<sup>3</sup> ||         ||15 ppm
+
|Orange                          ||3||3||3||&times;10<sup>3</sup> ||  
 
|- bgcolor = "#FFFF00"  
 
|- bgcolor = "#FFFF00"  
|Yellow                          ||4||4||&times;10<sup>4</sup> ||         ||25 ppm
+
|Yellow                          ||4||4||4||&times;10<sup>4</sup> ||  
 
|- bgcolor = "#228b22"  
 
|- bgcolor = "#228b22"  
|Green                          ||5||5||&times;10<sup>5</sup> ||±0.5% (D) ||
+
|Green                          ||5||5||5||&times;10<sup>5</sup> ||±0.5% (D)  
 
|- style="background:#0000CD; color:white"  
 
|- style="background:#0000CD; color:white"  
|Blue                            ||6||6||&times;10<sup>6</sup> ||±0.25% (C)||
+
|Blue                            ||6||6||6||&times;10<sup>6</sup> ||±0.25% (C)
 
|- style="background:#9400D3; color:white"
 
|- style="background:#9400D3; color:white"
|Violet                          ||7||7||&times;10<sup>7</sup> ||±0.1% (B) ||
+
|Violet                          ||7||7||7||&times;10<sup>7</sup> ||±0.1% (B)
 
|- style="background:#808080; color:white"
 
|- style="background:#808080; color:white"
|Gray                            ||8||8||&times;10<sup>8</sup> ||±0.05% (A)||
+
|Gray                            ||8||8||8||&times;10<sup>8</sup> ||±0.05% (A)
 
|- bgcolor = "#FFFFFF"  
 
|- bgcolor = "#FFFFFF"  
|White                          ||9||9||&times;10<sup>9</sup> ||         ||
+
|White                          ||9||9||9||&times;10<sup>9</sup> ||    
 
|- bgcolor = "#D4AF37"  
 
|- bgcolor = "#D4AF37"  
|Gold                            || || ||&times;10<sup>-1</sup>||±5% (J)   ||
+
|Gold                            || || || ||&times;10<sup>-1</sup>||±5% (J)
 
|- bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"  
 
|- bgcolor = "#C0C0C0"  
|Silver                          || || ||&times;10<sup>-2</sup>||±10% (K) ||
+
|Silver                          || || || ||&times;10<sup>-2</sup>||±10% (K)  
 
|-
 
|-
|None                            || || ||                      ||±20% (M) ||
+
|None                            || || || ||                      ||±20% (M)  
 
|}
 
|}
  
5% resistor Standard Values
+
5% Resistor Standard Values
{|
+
{|class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
10 ||11 ||12 ||13 ||15 ||16 ||18 ||20 ||22 ||24 ||27 ||30||
+
|10 ||11 ||12 ||13 ||15 ||16 ||18 ||20 ||22 ||24 ||27 ||30
 
|-
 
|-
33 ||36 ||39 ||43 ||47 ||51 ||56 ||62 ||68 ||75 ||82 ||91||
+
|33 ||36 ||39 ||43 ||47 ||51 ||56 ||62 ||68 ||75 ||82 ||91
 
|}
 
|}
  
 +
1% Resistor Standard Values
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
|100 || 102||  105||  107||  110 || 113||  115||  118
 +
|-
 +
|121 || 124 || 127 || 130||  133 || 137||  140 || 143
 +
|-
 +
|147 || 150||  154||  158 || 162 || 165 || 169 || 174
 +
|-
 +
|178 || 182 || 187 || 191||  196 || 200 || 205||  210
 +
|-
 +
|215||  221||  226||  232 || 237 || 243 || 249 || 255
 +
|-
 +
|261 || 267 || 274 || 280 || 287||  294 || 301 || 309
 +
|-
 +
|316 || 324||  332 || 340 || 348 || 357 || 365||  374
 +
|-
 +
|383 || 392||  402||  412 || 422 || 432||  442||  453
 +
|-
 +
|464||  475 || 487||  499||  511||  523||  536 || 549
 +
|-
 +
|562||  576 || 590 || 604 || 619||  634 || 649||  665
 +
|-
 +
|681||  698||  715 || 732 || 750||  768 || 787||  806
 +
|-
 +
|825||  845||  866||  887 || 909||  931 || 953 || 976
 +
|}
 
== Use ==
 
== Use ==
 +
 +
== Examples ==
 +
=== Four-band Resistor ===
 +
A resistor that has bands (starting from the band on the
 +
part of the resistor with the largest radius) of blue-gray-brown-gold
 +
will be:
 +
<center>
 +
<math>
 +
\mbox{blue }\mbox{ gray }*\mbox{ brown }\pm\mbox{ gold}
 +
</math>
 +
</center>
 +
resistor, or 68 * 10 = 680±5% Ω. 
 +
=== Five-band resistor ===
 +
A
 +
yellow-violet-red-white-silver resistor would be:
 +
<center>
 +
<math>
 +
\mbox{yellow }\mbox{ violet }\mbox{ red }*\mbox{ white } \pm \mbox{ silver }
 +
</math>
 +
</center>
 +
or 472 * 1000000000 = 472±10\% GΩ.
 +
 +
Note that the same value resistor will have a different multiplier band color in the four-band scheme than in the five-band scheme.  A 1 kΩ resistor will be brown-black-red-TOL in the first case and brown-black-black-brown-TOL in the second.
  
  
Line 50: Line 142:
  
 
== External Links ==
 
== External Links ==
 +
* Wikipedia page on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_color_code Electronic color code]
 +
* [http://www.dannyg.com/examples/res2/resistor.htm Graphical resistance calculator] by Danny Goodman
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
 
<references />
 
<references />
 +
 +
[[Category:BME 153]]
 +
[[Category:ECE 110]]
 +
[[Category:ECE 382]]
 +
[[Category:EGR 103]]
 +
[[Category:EGR 224]]
 +
[[Category:ME 344]]

Latest revision as of 16:32, 19 February 2013

Resistors are passive electronic components.

Examples of 5% tolerance 1/4 W resistors. Note the "bumps."

Identification

Resistors' values are shown on the resistor, coded in a series of colored bands.

The resistors in labs here in Pratt are almost all 5% resistors or 1% resistors. That is, their actual values are either are guaranteed to be within 5% or 1% of the nominal, or labeled value.

The 5% resistors have three bands showing their value: two significant figures, and then the number of zeros.

The 1% resistors have four bands showing their value: three significant figures, and then the number of zeros.

For most of the resistors found around here, the last band will indicate the tolerance. For 5% resistors, the tolerance band will be the fourth band and will be the color gold. For 1% resistors the tolerance band will be the 5th band and will be brown.

In which order do you read the bands--left to right or right to left? Good question! You must use your intuition here. On 5% resistors, this is easy: the first significant figure will never be gold. If you read a 1% resistor and come up with an unlikely number, then you're probably reading it backward. Also, the first band is closer to the edge than the last band; on resistors with bulges at the ends, the first band is the one on the bulge.

"three band" (usually 5%) resistor color code:

Color 1st band 2nd band 3rd band (multiplier) 4th band (tolerance)
Black 0 0 ×100
Brown 1 1 ×101 ±1% (F)
Red 2 2 ×102 ±2% (G)
Orange 3 3 ×103
Yellow 4 4 ×104
Green 5 5 ×105 ±0.5% (D)
Blue 6 6 ×106 ±0.25% (C)
Violet 7 7 ×107 ±0.1% (B)
Gray 8 8 ×108 ±0.05% (A)
White 9 9 ×109
Gold ×10-1 ±5% (J)
Silver ×10-2 ±10% (K)
None ±20% (M)


"four band" (usually 1%) resistor color code:

Color 1st band 2nd band 3rd band 4th band (multiplier) 5th band (tolerance)
Black 0 0 0 ×100
Brown 1 1 1 ×101 ±1% (F)
Red 2 2 2 ×102 ±2% (G)
Orange 3 3 3 ×103
Yellow 4 4 4 ×104
Green 5 5 5 ×105 ±0.5% (D)
Blue 6 6 6 ×106 ±0.25% (C)
Violet 7 7 7 ×107 ±0.1% (B)
Gray 8 8 8 ×108 ±0.05% (A)
White 9 9 9 ×109
Gold ×10-1 ±5% (J)
Silver ×10-2 ±10% (K)
None ±20% (M)

5% Resistor Standard Values

10 11 12 13 15 16 18 20 22 24 27 30
33 36 39 43 47 51 56 62 68 75 82 91

1% Resistor Standard Values

100 102 105 107 110 113 115 118
121 124 127 130 133 137 140 143
147 150 154 158 162 165 169 174
178 182 187 191 196 200 205 210
215 221 226 232 237 243 249 255
261 267 274 280 287 294 301 309
316 324 332 340 348 357 365 374
383 392 402 412 422 432 442 453
464 475 487 499 511 523 536 549
562 576 590 604 619 634 649 665
681 698 715 732 750 768 787 806
825 845 866 887 909 931 953 976

Use

Examples

Four-band Resistor

A resistor that has bands (starting from the band on the part of the resistor with the largest radius) of blue-gray-brown-gold will be:

\( \mbox{blue }\mbox{ gray }*\mbox{ brown }\pm\mbox{ gold} \)

resistor, or 68 * 10 = 680±5% Ω.

Five-band resistor

A yellow-violet-red-white-silver resistor would be:

\( \mbox{yellow }\mbox{ violet }\mbox{ red }*\mbox{ white } \pm \mbox{ silver } \)

or 472 * 1000000000 = 472±10\% GΩ.

Note that the same value resistor will have a different multiplier band color in the four-band scheme than in the five-band scheme. A 1 kΩ resistor will be brown-black-red-TOL in the first case and brown-black-black-brown-TOL in the second.


Questions

Post your questions by editing the discussion page of this article. Edit the page, then scroll to the bottom and add a question by putting in the characters *{{Q}}, followed by your question and finally your signature (with four tildes, i.e. ~~~~). Using the {{Q}} will automatically put the page in the category of pages with questions - other editors hoping to help out can then go to that category page to see where the questions are. See the page for Template:Q for details and examples.

External Links

References