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| − | [[Image:IP 000609 challenges400.sized.jpg|right|200 px|thumb|Poster Session at the 2009 Summit on the NAE Grand Challenges, hosted by Duke University<ref name="DUP">Duke University Photography</ref>]] | + | [[http://thewaterproject.org/ |
| − | The [[Grand Challenges for Engineering]] are a set of 14 goals identified by the [http://www.nae.edu/ National Academy of Engineering] through a poll of technology experts as the most pressing and significant of our time.
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| − | [http://www.duke.edu Duke University] and Duke's [http://www.pratt.duke.edu Pratt School of Engineering] will be hosting the [http://summit-grand-challenges.pratt.duke.edu/ Summit on the NAE Grand Challenges] March 2-3, 2009, in Durham, NC. The Summit organizers are Duke University, the [http://viterbi.usc.edu/ Viterbi School of Engineering] at the [http://www.usc.edu/ University of Southern California], and [http://www.olin.edu/ Olin College].
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| − | Part of the Summit includes a [http://www.summit-grand-challenges.pratt.duke.edu/summit-video-essay-contest Video and Essay Contest], with a deadline of February 1, 2009.
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| − | == The Challenges ==
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| − | From the National Academy of Engineering web site on the Grand Challenges<ref name="GC">[http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/ Grand Challenges for Engineering], accessed 15 August 2008</ref>
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| − | * Make solar energy economical
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| − | * Provide energy from fusion
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| − | * Develop carbon sequestration methods
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| − | * Manage the nitrogen cycle
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| − | * Provide access to clean water
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| − | * Restore and improve urban infrastructure
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| − | * Advance health informatics
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| − | * Engineer better medicines
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| − | * Reverse-engineer the brain
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| − | * Prevent nuclear terror
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| − | * Secure cyberspace
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| − | * Enhance virtual reality
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| − | * Advance personalized learning
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| − | * Engineer the tools of scientific discovery
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | == Questions ==
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| − | {{Questions}}
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| − | [[Image:000609 challenges718.sized.jpg|center|500 px|thumb|Big Idea Panel at the 2009 Summit on the NAE Grand Challenges, hosted by Duke University<ref name="DUP">Duke University Photography</ref>]]
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| − | <br clear=all>
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| − | == External Links ==
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| − | * Links specifically about the Grand Challenges. Note - These relate specifically to the NAE and the Grand Challenges, not the themes of the Grand Challenges.
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| − | ** [http://www.nae.edu/ National Academy of Engineering]
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| − | ** [http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/ Grand Challenges for Engineering]
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| − | ** [http://www.summit-grand-challenges.pratt.duke.edu/summit-video-essay-contest Video and Essay Contest]
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| − | ** [http://summit-grand-challenges.pratt.duke.edu/ Summit on the National Academy of Engineering Grand Challenges] hosted by Duke University and organized by Duke University, the [http://viterbi.usc.edu/ Viterbi School of Engineering] at the [http://www.usc.edu/ University of Southern California], and [http://www.olin.edu/ Olin College]
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| − | ** Media:
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| − | *** [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/23175788/ Engineering’s greatest challenge: Our survival], MSNBC, updated 15 February 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://www.nsf.gov/news/news_summ.jsp?cntn_id=111158 Leading Engineers and Scientists Identify Advances That Could Improve Quality of Life Around the World], National Science Foundation, updated 20 February 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GGupkdsX5E Grand Challenges for Engineering - Video], YouTube, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://viterbi.usc.edu/news/news/2009/viterbi-school-to.htm Viterbi School to Co-Host Grand Challenges Summit], USC Viterbi, updated 8 January 2009, accessed 11 January 2009
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| − | * Links relevant to the Grand Challenges:
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| − | ** Make solar energy economical
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| − | ***[http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/getting_solar_off_the_ground/ Getting Solar off the Ground], Lee Billings, Seed Magazine, created July 28, 2009, accessed August 24, 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.jacobsschool.ucsd.edu/news/news_releases/release.sfe?id=735 Nanowires May Boost Cell Efficiency], USCD Jacobs School of Engineering, updated February 2008, accessed February 17, 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/15/business/15solar.html?_r=1&hp&oref=slogin Two Large Solar Plants Planned in California], Matthew Wald, New York Times, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-solar15-2008aug15,1,741491.story PG & E to buy power from new solar projects], Los Angeles Times, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://greeninc.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/14/solar-manufacturing-not-so-sunny/ Solar Manufacturing: Not So Sunny]Kate Galbraith, New York Times,created 14 January 2009, accessed 19 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://asunews.asu.edu/20080711_solarlab New lab aims to advance solar energy industry], Christina Honsberg, ASU News, created 11 July 2008, accessed 21 January 2009
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| − | ** Provide energy from fusion
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| − | *** [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/311/5766/1380 Fusion Power: Will It Ever Come?], William E. Parkins, Science Magazine, 10 March 2006, Accessed 26 August 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/technology/2008/12/can_britain_afford_fusion.html Can Britain Afford Fusion?], Rory Cellan-Jones, BBC News, updated 29 December 2008, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.usnews.com/articles/education/2008/08/14/the-new-hot-job-nuclear-engineering.html?PageNr=1 The New Hot Job: Nuclear Engineering], Alison Go, US News & World Report, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://discovermagazine.com/2008/oct/06-can-engineers-achieve-the-holy-grail-of-energy Can Engineers Achieve the Holy Grail of Energy: Infinite and Clean?] Charles Seite, Discover Magazine, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/0,1518,599211,00.html Nuclear Fusion: Energy of the Stars, With No Emissions] Spiegel Online, posted 2 January 2009, accessed 21 January 2009.
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| − | *** [http://cosmiclog.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2008/06/12/1136887.aspx Fusion Quest Goes Forward], Alan Boyle, created 12 June 2008, accessed 21 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://optics.org/cws/article/research/39900 The heat is on for the world's biggest laser], Breck Hitz, Optics.org, 14th August 2009, Accessed September 7 2009 (Provide energy from fusion)
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| − | ** Develop carbon sequestration methods
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| − | *** [http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5isDnddtWobdwCBBnsD8LoFZnUcSgD92IIPR00 Farmers get money for capturing carbon], AP, updated 15 August 2008, accessed 15 August 2008, unavailable as of 11 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://fossil.energy.gov/sequestration/overview.html Carbon Sequestration R&D Overview], US Department of Energy, updated 5 January 2009, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.netl.doe.gov/technologies/carbon_seq/refshelf/project%20portfolio/2007/2007Roadmap.pdf Carbon Sequestration Technology Roadmap and Program Plan] US department of Energy, created April 2007, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | ** Manage the nitrogen cycle
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| − | *** [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/14/AR2008081401910.html?hpid=topnews 'Dead Zones' Appear In Waters Worldwide], Joel Achenbach, Washington Post, updated 15 August 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://earthtrends.wri.org/features/view_feature.php?fid=1&theme=2 Nutrient Overload Unbalancing the Global Nitrogen Cycle] World Resources Institute, created 1998, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.scienceprogress.org/2008/06/nitrogen-cycle/ Looking Beyond Carbon We Also Have to Look at the Nitrogen Cycle] Jeremy Jacquot, Science Progress, created 3 June 2008, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080610170057.htm When It Comes To Nitrogen, The 'Fix' Is In], Science Daily, created 16 June 2008, accessed 20 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.springerlink.com/content/lu04703848m261w5/ Closing the global N2O budget: nitrous oxide emissions through the agricultural nitrogen cycle] Arvin Mosier, Carolien Kroeze, Cindy Nevison, Oene Oenema, Sybil Seitzinger and Oswald van Cleemput, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, created October 1998, accessed 21 January 2009
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| − | ** Provide access to clean water
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| − | *** [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7512672.stm UN in call for basic sanitation], BBC, updated 17 July 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://thewaterproject.org/ The Water Project], The Water Project, updated 2008, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.abc.net.au/ra/innovations/stories/s1339270.htm Innovations - Water Filter], Australian National University, updated 4 April 2005, accessed 18 January 2009]
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| − | *** [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/05/13/BAGUKIR4DT1.DTL Solving the Problem of Clean Water for Poor Communities], San Francisco Chronicle, Rick DelVecchio, May 13, 2006, accessed January 21, 2009
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| − | ** Restore and improve urban infrastructure
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| − | *** [http://www.cnn.com/2008/LIVING/wayoflife/03/12/cars.of.future/index.html?iref=newssearch 5 things your car will finally do in 2020], John Brandon, CNN, updated 12 March 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://www.detnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080814/METRO/808140340/1410/METRO01 New sensors upgrade Metro Airport safety], Detroit News, updated 14 August 2008, accessed 15 August 2008, unavailable as of 11 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/21/does-broadband-need-a-stimulus/ Does Broadband Need a Stimulus?], Saul Hansell, New York Times, January 21, 2009, accessed January 21, 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/12/03/eco.denseliving/ Urban Densification: Creating Space to Live], Jonathan Solomon, CNN, updated 7 December 2008, accessed 20 August 2009
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| − | ** Advance health informatics
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| − | ***[http://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/leaders-informatics-must-address-societal-needs, Healthcare IT News], Don E. Detmer, Healthcare IT, updated 4 November 2004, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.ihealthbeat.org/articles/2008/8/13/Demand-Increases-for-More-Health-Care-IT-Professionals.aspx?topicID=54 Demand Increases for More Health Care IT Professionals], iHealthBeat, updated 13 August 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | ***[http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=1-6hrDiAxwEC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=health+informatics&ots=h1xu7xjsub&sig=G9J1wz99wcpEu1QTZ4-iy2wcTho#PPP1,M1 Managing Technological Change: Organizational Aspects of Health Informatics], Google Books, created 2004, accessed 15 January 2009
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| − | ** Engineer better medicines
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| − | *** [http://www.military.com/news/article/army-news/survivability-doubled-since-vietnam.html?col=1186032369115 Survivability Doubled Since Vietnam], Elizabeth M. Lorge, Military.com, updated 14 August 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | ***[http://www.news-medical.net/?id=17008 Weill Cornell experts publish review of genetic medicine],Weill Cornell experts, News-Medical.net, 3-Apr-2006, accessed 14-Jan-2009
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| − | ***[http://afsft.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/personalizemedicinerevolutionizingdrugdiscovery.pdf Personalized medicine: revolutionizing drug discovery and patient care],Geoffrey S. Ginsburg and Jeanette J. McCarthy, Tripod.com, TRENDS in Biotechnology Vol.19 No.12 December 2001, accessed 01-Jan-2009
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| − | *** [http://www.genengnews.com/articles/chitem.aspx?aid=2316 Making Personalized Medicine a Reality], Lisa A. Haile, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News, updated 1 January 2008, accessed 14 January 2008
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| − | ** Reverse-engineer the brain
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| − | *** [http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/jun08/6268 Reverse Engineering the Brain], Sally Adee, IEEE Spectrum, updated June 2008, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.eetimes.com/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=201807227 Reverse-engineering the brain for better computers], Clive Maxfield, EE Times, updated 18 September 2007, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://www.technologyreview.com/read_article.aspx?id=17111 Reverse-Engineering the Brain], Fred Hapgood, Technology Review, updated 11 July 2006, accessed 18 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://bluebrain.epfl.ch/ Blue Brain Project] Christiane Debono, Blue Brain Project, accessed January 20, 2009
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| − | *** [http://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/newsrel/science/sactivity.asp UCSD Biologists Discover That Nerve Activity Not Just Genetics Controls Kinds Of Neurotransmitters Produced] Sherry Seethaler, UCSD News, created 2 June, 2004, accessed 21 January, 2009
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| − | ** Prevent nuclear terror
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| − | *** [http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/0a5579ac-5ca3-11dd-8d38-000077b07658.html Careful science can help to fight terrorism], Richard Mottram and Clive Cookson, Financial Times, updated 28 July 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://oliverkamm.typepad.com/blog/2008/03/preventing-nucl.html Preventing Nuclear Terrorism], Oliver Kamm, updated 30 March 2008, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.theoildrum.com/node/4971 The Liquid Fluoride Thorium Paradigm] Charles Barton, updated 19 January 2009, accessed 19 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.armscontrolcenter.org/policy/nuclearterrorism/articles/111408_understanding_preventing_nuclear_terrorism/ Understanding and Preventing Nuclear Terrorism]Travis Sharp and Erica Poff, Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation, Updated December 3, 2008, accessed January 20, 2009
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| − | ** Secure cyberspace
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| − | *** [http://news.cnet.com/8301-13578_3-10009603-38.html 'Cybersecurity commission' to proffer advice to next president], Declan McCullagh, CNET, updated 7 August 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://www.whitehouse.gov/pcipb/ The National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace], National Infrastructure Advisory Council, access 14 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.cnn.com/2008/TECH/08/18/cyber.warfare/index.html?iref=newssearch U.S. at Risk of Cyberattacks, Experts Say], Brandon Griggs, CNN, updated 18 August 2008, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://kn.theiet.org/magazine/issues/0820/fragile-web-0820.cfm Fragile Web], David Sandham, The IET, 22 November 2008, accessed 20 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/article.aspx?id=4194 Time to Move Toward a More Secure Cyberspace], Chris Bronk, World Politics Review, 13 August 2009, accessed 6 September 2009
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| − | ** Enhance virtual reality
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| − | *** [http://people.howstuffworks.com/vr-csi.htm How Virtual Crime Scenes Work], Jonathan Strickland, How Stuff Works, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/pres.15.3.341 MIT Press Journals - Presence], Eugene Ch'ng and Robert Stone, MIT, updated June 2006, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.grandprix.com/ft/ft21102.html Formula 1's Virtual Reality], Joe Saward, GrandPrix, updated 14 January 2009, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://biocomp.stanford.edu/papers/mmvr_old/MMVR01-iop_paper.htm Virtual Reality Based Surgical Assistnace], Kevin Montgomer PhD, accessed 20 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WXW-4N3GNSC-N&_user=38557&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000004358&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=38557&md5=54f0e639ddb5efe4f07693e74fbb06fd Enhancing Radiographer Training using Virtual Reality Training Systems], SceinceDirect, updated April 2007, accessed March 17, 2009
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| − | ** Advance personalized learning
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| − | *** [http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/apangea-learning-nominated-tech-50/story.aspx?guid=%7B6E5B469A-FE37-4294-8B06-C1D83820D486%7D&dist=hppr Apangea Learning Nominated as Tech 50 Awards Finalist], MarketWatch, updated 14 August 2008, accessed 15 August 2008, unavailable as of 11 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://www.theaplus.org/personalized_learning.html Personalized Learning] APLUS+, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | ***[http://ucsdengineeringgrandchallenges.blogspot.com/2008/02/advance-personalized-learning.html Advanced Personalized Learning], UC San Diego, posted 29 February 2008, accessed 14 January 2009
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| − | ** Engineer the tools of scientific discovery
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| − | *** [http://www.itweb.co.za/sections/computing/2008/0808140717.asp?S=Emerging%20Technologies&A=EMT&O=google All-nanowire sensor arrives], Kirsten Doyle, ITWeb, updated 14 August 2008, accessed 15 August 2008
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| − | *** [http://www.cnn.com/2008/TECH/09/27/prime.number.ap/index.html UCLA's 13 million-digit prime number could win $100,000], CNN, updated 27 September 2008, accessed 28 September 2008, unavailable as of 11 January 2009
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| − | *** [http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080527200600.htm Large Hadron Collider Enables Hunt For 'God' Particle To Complete 'Theory Of Everything'], ScienceDaily, updated 29 May 2008, accessed 21 January 2009
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